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Thou Shalt Not Kill:
My Response To President Clinton's View of America
A Meditation on the Sanctity of Life
By
Dr. Peter A. Lillback
January 24, 1993
Introduction
This last Friday was the twentieth anniversary of the fatal and fateful Roe v. Wade decision of the US Supreme Court that legalized abortion on demand. I call that decision fatal and fateful because it legalized the most deadly profession in the history of mankind. In the twenty years of legalized abortion, some 30 million infants have been aborted. That's more than 10% of the entire population of the United States today.
Also on this last Friday, it was my privilege to be part of a group of about 18 Proclamation folks who joined at least 75,000 other people to March for Life in our nation's capitol. And it turned out to be a most eventful day.
For, in his second day in office, our newly elected President, Bill Clinton determined to make his view of Roe v. Wade absolutely clear. He did this by signing several executive orders that ended most bans and limitations on abortions that were put in place during the Reagan-Bush presidencies. Thus with a stroke of the pen five major pro-abortion initiatives were launched:
- The removal of the rule forbidding most health care workers from discussing abortion with a pregnant woman.
- The permission of the use of fetal tissue in federally financed medical research.
- The allowing of US military personnel and their dependents overseas to receive abortions in military hospitals at their own expense.
- The reversal of the policy to refuse to aid international programs promoting population control.
- The reconsideration of the ban on the importation of RU 486, the French made "morning-after-pill."
This certainly was not a warm welcome for all those pro-life visitors to Washington!
I cannot help but feel a deep sense of pain over this tragic reversal in presidential policy. For just ten years earlier, on the tenth anniversary of the fatal Roe v. Wade decision, President Reagan wrote,
The tenth anniversary of the Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade is a good time for us to pause and reflect. Our nation-wide policy of abortion-on-demand through all nine months of pregnancy was neither voted for by our people nor enacted by our legislators--not a single state had such unrestricted abortion before the Supreme Court decreed it to be national policy in 1973. But the consequences of this judicial decision are now obvious: since 1973, more than 15 million unborn children have had their lives snuffed out by legalized abortions. This is over ten times the number of Americans lost in all our nations's wars. . . .
As an act of "raw judicial power" (to use Justice White's biting phrase), the decision by the seven-man majority in Roe v. Wade has so far been made to stick. But the Court's decision has by no means settled the debate. Instead, Roe v. Wade has become a continuing prod to the conscience of the nation.
Abortion concerns not just the unborn child, it concerns every one of us. The English poet, John Donne, wrote: "... any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind; and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee." (Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation, pp. 15-18.)
President Clinton's words on the twentieth anniversary of the Roe v. Wade decision were far different than President Reagan's on the tenth anniversary. Our current President said, "We must free science and medicine from the grasp of politics . . . Our vision should be of an America where abortion is safe and legal but rare." (Quoted in The Philadelphia Inquirer, Saturday, January 23, 1993, p. A6.)
It is my desire on this Sanctity of Human Life Sunday to respond to these words uttered by President Clinton. There are four basic ideas in this quotation from President Clinton that I would like to address: First, his vision of America; Second, freeing science from politics; Third, freeing medicine from politics; and Fourth, his ideal view of abortion as safe, legal and rare.
I. President Clinton's View of America.
It is most significant for us to note that the discussion of abortion is a matter of far more import than just the question of a woman's right to end a pregnancy. President Clinton's words are couched in the context of his view of what America ought to be. This is no accident. For abortion is one of the key expressions of the cultural war that is being fought today in America. One's view of abortion is a microcosm of one's view of America's culture as a whole.
For example, consider the following exchange that occurred when the Supreme Court reached its more restrictive decision regarding abortion in the Webster v. Reproductive Health Services case. The debaters are Faye Wattleton former president of Planned Parenthood and Randall Terry of Operation Rescue on the Nightline telecast of July 3, 1989:
Randall Terry (spokesman for the pro-life organization Operation Rescue): The bottom line is that killing children is not what America is all about. We are not here to destroy our offspring.
Faye Wattleton (president of Planned Parenthood): Well, we are also not here to have the government use women's bodies as the instrument of the state, to force women into involuntary servitude--
Randall Terry (laughing): Oh come on, Faye.
Faye Wattleton:--I think that as Americans celebrate the Fourth of July, our independence, and when we reflect on our personal liberties, this is a very, very somber time, in which the courts have said that the most private aspects of our lives are now . . . not protected by the Bill of Rights and the Constitution. and I believe that that is a time for Americans to reflect on the need to return to the fundamentals, and the fundamentals of personal privacy are really the cornerstones upon which our democracy is built.
Randall Terry: I think that to assume or even suggest that the founding fathers of this country risked their lives and many of them died so that we can kill our offspring is pathetic.
In his book, Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America, James Davison Hunter I think rightly comments on this exchange,
Although Randall Terry and Faye Wattleton were debating the morality and legality of abortion, what they said goes far beyond the abortion controversy. . . .the culture war emerges over fundamentally different conceptions of moral authority, over different ideas and beliefs about truth, the good, obligation to one another, the nature of community, and so on. It is, therefore, cultural conflict at its deepest level. . . .the contemporary culture war is ultimately a struggle over national identity--over the meaning of America, who we have been in the past, who we are now, and perhaps most important, who we, as a nation, will aspire to become in the new millennium. (pp. 49-50.)
My first response, then, to our President's comments on the twentieth anniversary of Roe v. Wade is that I agree with him! One's view of abortion does illustrate one's vision for America. The point we must see here is that President Clinton knows this. He is aware that he is a major player in a battle for what American culture will look like in the twenty-first century. But do you understand that? Do you realize that you as a Christian at this point in history are also a player in a battle for a Christian or a non-Christian culture?
II. We Must Free Science From the Grasp of Politics.
These are such very clever words! Since America is the "land of the free and the home of the brave" shouldn't our scientists be free to boldly seek truth apart from political tyranny?
The implication here is that any concern for the sanctity of life of the fetus is somehow a neanderthal anti-scientific viewpoint. Our President here is appealing to the American pride in scientific discovery that has been such a blessing to our nation. With such words he has offered his basic justification for permitting the use of fetal tissue in federally financed medical research. Similarly, he defends his review of the ban against the importation of the French pharmaceutical RU 486.
But is this really a question of politics? Indeed, politicians have been involved. But at a far deeper level this is an expression of the cultural war referred to above. It is a question of ethics rather than bare politics. Simply put, does fetal tissue research mean that one can kill human beings to learn more medical facts? Or is it simply protoplasm that our scientists are experimenting with? Such questions as these are not primarily political. They are questions of moral values. Is the fetus a living human being, a person, or just a blob of cells?
My first response, then, is to insist that our President recognize that science is not neutral. It is a discipline that has actions that can be moral or immoral. We must not obfuscate by saying that such restrictions are simply politics at work.
But just as important, we must understand that many scientists recognize that experimentation with the zygote--the fertilized human egg--is an invasion of a person, of a human being. As a compelling example of this, I would have you consider the transcript of the Junior L. Davis v. Mary Sue Davis case in the Circuit Court for Blount County in the State of Tennessee on August 10, 1989. The issue here was the question of whether frozen human embryos were persons that needed custody, or, property that could be discarded. As I understand the case, subsequent to divorce proceedings, the woman wanted to bring the embryos to birth, and the man wanted them to be destroyed.
The expert testimony in this case was a French physician and expert in genetics, Dr. Jerome Lejeune. It is Dr. Lejeune that is answering the following questions:
Q. But you are not here today saying, Dr. Lejeune, that the reason, the sole reason that Mrs. Davis should win this case and prevail is because her DNA contribution may have been slightly more that Mr. Davis' DNA contribution?
A. I don't understand your question. I cannot see how you can solve a judicial problem with DNA contributions.
Q. You are saying that it's your opinion that these embryos should be allowed to develop in this young lady because you believe they're early human beings?
A. I do believe they are early human beings, and I have been told that their mother offered them shelter. Who could refuse that?
Q. But not because of DNA contribution?
A. Because they're her own flesh.
Q. Well, they're his own flesh, too, aren't they?
A. Yes.
Q. And obviously he will be their father forever, for the rest of his life if there are children?
A. (Witness nods head in the affirmative.)
Q. You will not deny that would have an effect?
A. I would not deny anything.
Q. I take it, Dr. Lejeune, therefore, if you believed that a embryo was not a human being as that term is used in ethical or legal or moral or philosophical or religious way that your view of this case may well be different?
A. Totally. If I was convinced that those early human beings are, in fact piece of properties, well, property can be discarded, there is no interest for me as a geneticist. But if they are human beings, what they are, then they cannot be considered as property. They need custody.
Q. What it really turns on is what philosophically, ethically, legally that embryo may be. In your mind, sir, you have come to the very firm conviction that the early embryo or that the embryo is a human being, early human being, as you described it?
A. Yes.
Q. And you do recognize in other men's minds, after long and deep thought, learned men, they come to the opposite conclusion you do?
A. No, I don't agree with that.
Q. You don't agree with that?
A. I have not yet seen any scientist coming to the opinion that it is a property. It is what is the case. It's whether they are property that can be discarded, or whether they're human being who must be given to custody. That is it. You ask my question, I answer precisely; I have never heard one of my colleagues--we differ on opinion of many things, but I have never heard one of them telling me or telling to any other that a frozen embryo was the property of somebody, that it could be sold, that it could be destroyed like a property, never. I never heard it.
Q. Just so I understand what you're telling us, I take it, Dr. Lejeune, from your testimony that you would be opposed to abortion?
A. Oh, I dislike to kill anybody. That is very true, sir.
Q. You would believe that abortion should not be legal?
A. That is another point which is different. It think abortion is killing people, and I think in a good jurisdiction would make those killing people become rare. You cannot prevent everything.
Q. I take it, again, your basis of that belief would be that the fetus or embryo is an early human being?
A. Exactly. If it was a tooth, I would not worry about it. (pp. 67-68.)
The complete testimony of Dr. Lejeune is most instructive as well as humorous. But what I want us to hear is that this internationally recognized authority in genetics says that he has never heard of any genetic scientist that did not consider an embryo to be human and therefore could be treated as property to be discarded.
The question then for our President ought to be, "Is science going to be done according to the principles of ethics that are demanded by the discoveries of science itself with respect to the human or personal character of zygotes and embryos?" My hope is that President Clinton will not let politics obscure the ethics of experimentation with human beings--since science itself has demonstrated that they are truly human.
III. We Must Free Medicine From the Grasp of Politics.
When President Clinton suggests that medicine has been grasped by politics, I must again ask if he is not confusing the issue of politics and ethics. But beyond that, I want to point out that American medicine has always had a keen understanding of the personhood of the fetus. The only thing that changed this was the decision of the Supreme Court.
It is most ironic that the Roe v. Wade decision itself presents the evidence that American medicine was always pro-life up until the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973. The high court quotes the Hippocratic Oath that states, "I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody if asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to this effect. Similarly, I will not give to a woman an abortive remedy." (410 US, p. 131.) This ancient Greek and pre-Christian oath has always been the oath used by American physicians. One can hardly say that pro-life politics have grasped medicine!
And again in the very decision of the Court in Roe v. Wade, we read the view of the American Medical Society written in 1859. At the Twelfth Annual Meeting the report of the AMA Committee on Criminal Abortion was presented and adopted. Quoting Roe, we read:
That report observed that the Committee had been appointed to investigate criminal abortion "with a view to its general suppression." It deplored abortion and its frequency and it listed three causes of "this general demoralization":
"The first of these causes is a wide-spread popular ignorance of the true character of the crime--a belief, even among mothers themselves, that the foetus is not alive till after the period of quickening.
"The second of the agents alluded to is the fact that the profession themselves are frequently supposed careless of foetal life . . . .
"The third reason of the frightful extent of this crime is found in the grave defects of our laws both common and statute, as regards the independent and actual existence of the child before birth, as a living being. These errors, which are sufficient in most instances to prevent conviction, are based, and only based, upon mistaken and exploded medical dogmas. With strange inconsistency, the law fully acknowledges the foetus in utero and its inherent rights, for civil purposes; while personally and as criminally affected, it fails to recognize it, and to its life as yet denies all protection." (410 US, pp. 141-42.)
This statement is most significant when one considers the fact that the Fourteenth Amendment that requires that no person shall have his civil rights abridged without due process of law comes after the Civil War in 1868, and therefore nine years after this AMA position was reached. This, in my opinion, invalidates the historical interpretation found in the Roe v. Wade decision that says that the use of "person" in the Fourteenth Amendment cannot be applied to prenatal life of the fetus (410 US pp. 156-57.) (Cf. here also John Eidsmoe, The Christian Legal Advisor, p. 371.)
Thus it is not politics that has seized medicine under the heavy hand of a pro-life electorate. Ironically, it is actually the High Court itself that seized the pro-life medical community and forced upon it a pro-abortion stance. As late as 1967, the AMA "urged the adoption of a stated policy of opposition to induced abortion, except when there is 'documented medical evidence' of a threat to the health or life of the mother, or that the child 'may be born with incapacitating physical deformity or mental deficiency,' or that a pregnancy 'resulting from legally established statutory or forcible rape or incest may constitute a threat to the mental or physical health of the patient.'" (410 US, p. 142.) It is clear that the AMA was never on record for abortion on demand prior to Roe.
Therefore, we must insist that our President's remarks do not reflect accurately the history of medicine, politics and abortion in America.
More accurately and most chillingly, the former Surgeon General of the United States under President Reagan, Dr. C. Everett Koop writes in The Slide to Auschwitz,
I am concerned about legislation that would take the problems of life and death out of the hands of the medical profession, and out of the realm of trust between the doctor and his patient or the patient's family, and put them into the legal realm.
Perhaps more than the law, I fear the attitude of our profession in sanctioning infanticide and in moving inexorably down the road from abortion to infanticide, to the destruction of a child who is socially embarrassing, to you-name-it.
I am concerned that there is no outcry. I can well understand that there are people who are led to starve children to death because they think that they are doing something right for society or are following a principle of Hegel that is utilitarian for society. But I cannot understand why the other people, and I know that there are many, don't cry out. I am concerned about this because when the first 273,000 German aged, infirm, and retarded were killed in gas chambers there was no outcry from that medical profession either, and it was not far from there to Auschwitz. (Afterword in Ronald Reagan, Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation, pp. 69-70.)
Christian physician, are you part of the needed "outcry" that Dr. Koop is concerned about?
Indeed, the evidence of medicine and science are together in proclaiming the humanity of the fetus. Susan T. Foh writes in "Abortion and Women's Lib," in Thou Shalt Not Kill (ed. Richard L. Ganz, 1978, p. 154),
Regardless of whether or not the fetus is viewed as a person to be protected by the Constitution, the fetus is definitely not marmalade, rubbish, a gobbet of meat, or part of the woman's body. That the fetus is part of his mother's body has no physiological justification. He has his own unique genetic code, a combination of his mother's and father's genes. He has a separate nervous system and circulation system and his own skeleton, musculature, brain, heart, and other vital organs. The fact that the fetus is not part of the woman's body undermines the feminists' argument; the right to control one's own body does not justify abortion because the fetus is not part of the woman's body. The fetus is deliberately misrepresented in order to justify his extermination.
This point highlighted by Foh is powerfully illustrated by John Jefferson Davis (Evangelical Ethics, pp. 137-38),
The "unborn child as patient" has been an emerging medical reality during recent years with the development of various forms of intrauterine surgery. Young Paul Bennett, born in January of 1982, was diagnosed as being hydrocephalic when he was still inside his mother's womb, then five months pregnant. Surgeons at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center performed a delicate intrauterine operation that saved Paul from a life of severe retardation by placing a tiny shunt in his skull while he was still in the womb. Such operations demonstrate dramatically that when physicians deal with a pregnant woman, two patients rather than one are involved. The simultaneity of heroic efforts to repair birth defects of some unborn children and the abortion of other children with similar defects, sometimes in the same hospital, points to the deep moral and legal schizophrenia surrounding abortion in the United States today.
Consequently, we must declare that President Clinton is mistaken in his claim that pro-life medicine is under the grasp of politics. It is pro-abortion politics that is forced to deny the obvious fact that the unborn patient in the womb is both a human being and a person!
IV. Can Abortion by Safe, Legal and Rare?
As we conclude our response to our President's views of abortion, we must briefly consider the three adjectives that he used to describe his view of America and America's ideal abortion policy.
First, can abortion ever be safe? If we ask the infant to be aborted, the answer is seen to be an oxymoron. How can that which kills be safe?! One of the tragic complications of abortion is the live birth--or the infant that survives the attempted abortion. According to R. C. Reardon, "Live-birth abortions occur in the United States at a rate of 400 to 500 times per year, literally an everyday experience." (Life Stories, 1992, p. 84.)
But abortion is hardly safe for the mother either. The incredible number of physical and emotional complications that plague women who have experienced abortion is fully documented in Reardon's poignant study. These complications include short term and long term physical complications that can lead to infertility, death and even suicide. (Cf. Ibid., pp. 75-99.)
The story of Nancyjo Mann, the founder of Women Exploited By Abortion, is a profound illustration of the suffering that abortion causes to mother and infant. On p. xv. of Life Stories, she writes,
After the fluid was withdrawn, he injected 200 cc's of the saline solution--half a pint of concentrated salt solution. From then on, it was terrible. My baby began thrashing about--it was like a regular boxing match in there. She was in pain. The saline was burning her skin, her eyes, her throat. It was choking her, making her sick. She was in agony, trying to escape. She was scared and confused at how her wonderful little home had suddenly been turned into a death trap.
For some reason it had never entered my mind that with an abortion she would have to die. I had never wanted my baby to die; I only wanted to get rid of my "problem." But it was too late to turn back now. There was no way to save her. So instead I talked to her. I tried to comfort her. I tried to ease her pain. I told her I didn't want to do this to her, but it was too late to stop it. I didn't want her to die. I begged her not to die. I told her I was sorry, to forgive me, that I was wrong, that I didn't want to kill her.
For two hours I could feel her struggling inside me. But then, as suddenly as it began, she stopped. Even today, I remember her very last kick on my left side. She had no strength left, She gave up and died. Despite my grief and guilt, I was relieved that her pain was finally over. But I was never the same again. The abortion killed not only my daughter; it killed a part of me.
But if abortion is not safe is it legal? It is clearly legal under the rule of Roe v. Wade. But is it legal under the rule of God's moral law? I want to answer this with an example from the life of Dr. Martin Luther King. Writing from a jail cell in Birmingham in 1963, Dr. King wrote, "A moral law is a man-made code that squares with the Moral Law or the Law of God. An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the Moral Law." What he meant was that God's Law is a higher law than the law of men. Man's law must conform to God's Law if it is to be just.
I simply want to ask the President if abortion can conform to God's law in Exodus 20:13 that commands us, "Thou shalt not kill"? Since God's Word clearly indicates that the fetus is a person, (Genesis 25:21-23; Psalm 51:5; 139:14-16; Jeremiah 1:4, 5; Luke 1:15; 30-45), how can abortion be in conformity with the Moral Law of God as clearly stated in the Sixth Commandment of the Decalog? Abortion is neither safe nor truly legal if one accepts the authority of the Word of God, which every true believer must (Matthew 4:4; 5:17-20; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17.)
Finally is abortion rare? With 30 million abortions already performed in the twenty years under the reign of Roe v. Wade, it is clear that abortion is not rare. But if President Clinton truly desired abortion to be "rare," why then did he open the flood gates with his executive orders for yet a further growth in the deadly art of abortion on demand? It appears that our President has chosen to speak with duplicitous words. It is only a pro-life position that will make abortion rare in America!
Conclusion:
In light of all of the seeming reversals of pro-life gains in recent days, it would be easy to become discouraged. President Clinton is clearly a pro-abortion president. The Supreme Court has appeared to weaken in its interest to hear abortion related cases by its recent denial of certiori for the pro-life statute on appeal from Guam.
The Freedom of Choice Act, which President Clinton has vowed to have passed as the law of the land within his first one hundred days in office is also looming on the horizon (an August 10th campaign fundraising letter is quoted to this effect in the Intercessors For America Newsletter, December 1992, p. 4.) James Dobson declares that this Act will likely be far more sweeping than Roe v. Wade itself in its impact on liberalizing abortion practices in all the states. In Dobson's November 1992 letter (p. 1), he states, "The Freedom of Choice Act will certainly resurface. If this legislation passes, it will take abortion out of the hands of the Supreme Court, your state legislatures that have traditionally regulated it, or any other agency that would regulate or restrict it. The bill promoted by Democrats in August, and which Clinton said he would support if elected, permitted no limits on the killing of unborn babies. None!"
Under these circumstances, it is tempting to consider throwing in the towel and say with a deep sigh, "We've lost. Why try any more?" Certainly the psychological warfare of the media on the pro-life mind can make this seem to be the only possible position at this juncture. But what of the great resistance fighters in every great battle? Precisely because they did not quit, the eventual victory was secured. Cal Thomas in his Washington Times column on December 10, 1992 entitled "Abortion Debate Not Over" wrote,
Had England's William Wilberforce despaired of his lone voice against slavery as a member of the House of Commons, the moral power of his argument would not have been heard and the abolition movement in England and later in America might never have begun.
Had Susan B. Anthony caved into the "political realities" of male power, women might never have won the right to vote.
Had the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. concluded in the Birmingham jail that segregation was too powerful a force to be overcome, the civil rights movement might have been delayed or denied. One searches in vain for statues to greatness that stand on foundations of resignation to political realities. Those we revere stood for principled truth, often against great odds. Those we revile, if we remember them at all, compromised or gave up when the going got tough. . . .
The debate is not over. If it takes a decade, or a century, or more, prolifers have only begun to fight for the weakest of the human family. Like the British in their darkest hour, prolifers say with Winston Churchill that we will never give up. Never, never, never.
In a very similar way President Reagan wrote,
Despite the formidable obstacles before us, we must not lose heart. This is not the first time our country has been divided by a Supreme Court decision that denied the value of certain human lives. The Dred Scott decision of 1857 was not overturned in a day, or a year, or even a decade. At first only a minority of Americans recognized and deplored the moral crisis brought about by denying the full humanity of our black brothers and sisters; but that minority persisted in their vision and finally prevailed. They did it by appealing to the hearts and minds of their countrymen, to the truth of human dignity under God. From their example, we know that respect for the sacred value of human life is too deeply ingrained in the hearts of our people to remain forever suppressed. (Reagan, Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation, p. 19.)
So as I conclude, I encourage you to not grow weary in well doing. Continue to pray, protest, vote, give, serve, influence, and encourage for life. Stay informed. Help at the local crisis pregnancy center. Above all, do not lose heart. Presidents come and go. Abortion policy comes and goes. But God's Word abides forever (Matt. 5:17-20.) And God's eternal promise says to you as one who loves Jesus by loving the least of Christ's brethren (Matthew 25:40), "Therefore, my dear brothers, stand firm. Let nothing move you. Always give yourselves fully to the work of the Lord, because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain." (I Cor. 15:58.)
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